Refer to the passage. [The President] shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.

The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.

–US Constitution, Article II, Section 2

1. Which of the following best describes what the text implies about the powers given to the different branches of government?

a- The president and the Senate were given the most power to create new offices.
b- The federal government must limit the number of appointments that can be created.
c- The executive branch was given the power to create a bureaucracy to administer laws.
d- The appointment of bureaucratic officers not mentioned in the Constitution must be approved by the Senate.

2. Which of the following reflects the scope of the powers described in this passage?

a- The executive bureaucracy has become dependent on the Senate for appointments.
b- The number of officers in the executive bureaucracy have increased as presidents have seen the need for them.
c- The framers’ restrictions on the executive branch have been disregarded in today’s ever-expanding bureaucracy.
d- The framers hoped to limit the other branches’ power by giving the president the power of bureaucratic appointments, but that has not happened.