Explain what could be done to reduce the number of deaths by infectious diseases worldwide.

Infectious diseases are a continuing threat to all persons, regardless of age, sex, lifestyle, and ethnic background. They cause suffering and death and impose a financial burden on society (Table_1) (2-12). Although some diseases have been conquered by modern advances such as antibiotics and vaccines, new ones are constantly emerging like Lyme disease, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, whereas others reemerge in drug-resistant forms. Because no one knows what new diseases will emerge, the public health system must be prepared for the unexpected. A group that I learned about called the Preventing Emerging Infectious Diseases (or PEID for short cause I’m lazy) is trying to fix this. The objectives of PEID are organized under four goals: surveillance and response, applied research, infrastructure and training, and prevention and control. Under each objective, the plan describes in detail the many public health activities that must be conducted to implement CDC's strategy.

Goal I -- Surveillance and Response. Detect, investigate, and monitor emerging pathogens, the diseases they cause, and the factors influencing their emergence, and respond to problems as they are identified.

Goal II -- Applied Research. Integrate laboratory science and epidemiology to optimize public health practice.

Goal III -- Infrastructure and Training. Strengthen public health infrastructures to support surveillance and research and to implement prevention and control programs.

Goal IV -- Prevention and Control. Ensure prompt implementation of prevention strategies and enhance communication of public health information about emerging diseases.

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step 1 ammonium can be absorbed by plants, but some is converted into nitrates which are better for plants to absorb. this is called nitrification. 2. step 2 the deer eats the plants and uses the nitrogen-containing proteins for cell growth. 3. step 3 bacteria in the soil conduct nitrogen fixation to convert nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into ammonium. 4. step 4 some of the nitrates are absorbed back into plants, but denitrification breaks down the nitrates into nitrogen gas released back into the atmosphere. 5. step 5 nitrogen is found in the urine, which gets broken down into ammonium through the process of ammonification. 6. step 6 plants absorb the ammonium and begin assimilation, the process to add the nitrogen to protein.

there are so many examples for that in different areas, like biology experiment carried out in our lab recently.

here's one link: