Some basic principles of heredity were established by gregor mendel. in his experiments, he crossed large numbers of pea plants and then:

a) mapped the location of various genes
b) analyzed the mathematical ratios of certain traits in the offspring
c) dissected the chromosome of the offspring
d) determined how many genes had mutated

B) Analyzed the mathematical ratios of certain traits in the offspring

Explanation:

Gregor Mendel used the pea plant to study the pattern of inheritance in living organisms.

He started by studying the inheritance pattern of a single trait and then analysed the phenotypic ratio of the resulting offspring (which ends up as 3:1). He then formulated the first law of genetics (known as law of segregation).

He also study the inheritance pattern of multiple genes and through mathematical analysis of the phenotypes (9:3:3:1), he formulated the second law of genetics, also known as the law of independent assortment of genes.

The correct option is B.

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