Speedy auto repairs uses a job-order costing system. the company’s direct materials consist of replacement parts installed in customer vehicles, and its direct labor consists of the mechanics’ hourly wages. speedy’s overhead costs include various items, such as the shop manager’s salary, depreciation of equipment, utilities, insurance, and magazine subscriptions and refreshments for the waiting room. the company applies all of its overhead costs to jobs based on direct labor-hours. at the beginning of the year, it made the following estimates: direct labor-hours required to support estimated output 18,000 fixed overhead cost $ 198,000 variable overhead cost per direct labor-hour $ 1.00 required: 1. compute the predetermined overhead rate. 2. during the year, mr. wilkes brought in his vehicle to replace his brakes, spark plugs, and tires. the following information was available with respect to his job: direct materials $ 719 direct labor cost $ 177 direct labor-hours used 7

5. real versus nominal gdp consider a simple economy that produces two goods: cupcakes and muffins. the following table shows the prices and quantities of the goods over a three-year period. year cupcakes muffins price quantity price quantity (dollars per cupcake) (number of cupcakes) (dollars per muffin) (number of muffins) 2014 2 115 5 175 2015 4 150 2 180 2016 1 100 2 160 use the information from the preceding table to fill in the following table. year nominal gdp real gdp gdp deflator (dollars) (base year 2014, dollars) 2014 2015 2016 from 2015 to 2016, nominal gdp , and real gdp . the inflation rate in 2016 was . why is real gdp a more accurate measure of an economy's production than nominal gdp? real gdp does not include the value of intermediate goods and services, but nominal gdp does. real gdp measures the value of the goods and services an economy produces, but nominal gdp measures the value of the goods and services an economy consumes. real gdp is not influenced by price changes, but nominal gdp is.