Cash dividends and treasury stock purchases make more resources available to pay liabilities may be restricted as a way to lower federal income tax expense represent cash payments that are made to ensure higher reported profits may be limited by creditors to ensure that the company maintains a minimum level of stockholders' equity

Fortress international, a large conglomerate, procures a few component parts from external suppliers and also manufactures some of the key raw materials in its own subsidiaries. aside from this, the company does not solely depend on outside distributors to reach its customers. in fact, it has its own retail stores to distribute its products. in this scenario, which of the following alternatives to vertical integration is fortress international applying? a. concentric integration b. taper integration c. horizontal integration d. conglomerate integration