Can he number of moles of a solid can be determined by measuring the volume of the solid?

Number of moles is mathematically expressed as,
......(1)

Thus, for estimating number of moles, one need to know weight of solute and molecular weight.

Now, if one measure the volume of solid and density of solid is know, then one can employ following formula for estimating weight of solid:

Weight of solid = Volume of solid  x Density

On substituting the obtained weight of solid in Eq. 1, one can obtain number of moles of solid.