Pioneer species move into an area after which event

a disturbance that forms new land without soil

Explanation:

Pioneer species move into an area after a disturbance that forms new land without soil.Pioneer species are the first organisms to colonize an area that has undergone primary succession. These species must be hardy and strong, they include mosses or lichens, fungi and bacteria.Primary succession occurs when in a lifeless area or areas in which the soil is not capable of sustaining life. This results from factors such as volcanic eruptions, retreating glacier and also sand dunes.Pioneer species are capable of living in harsh environment conditions where other species can not survive.