A5.000 g sample of niso4 h2o decomposed to give 2.755 g of anhydrous niso4. what is the formula of the hydrate? what is the full chemical name for the hydrate? what is the molar mass of the hydrate? niso4•_h2o what is the mass % of water in the hydrate?

a) 7.0.

b) Nickel sulfate hepta hydrate.

c) 280.83 g/mol.

d) 44.9%.

Explanation:

a) What is the formula of the hydrate?

The mass of the hydrated sample (NiSO₄.xH₂O) = 5.0 g,

The mass of the anhydrous salt (NiSO₄) = 2.755 g,

The mass of water = 5.0 g - 2.755 g = 2.245 g.

∴ no. of moles of water = mass/molar mass = (2.245 g)/(18.0 g/mol) = 0.1247 mol.

∴ no. of moles of anhydrous salt (NiSO₄) = mass/molar mass = (2.755 g)/(154.75 g/mol) = 0.0178 mol.

∴ water of crystallization in the sample (x) = no. of moles of water/no. of moles of anhydrous salt (NiSO₄) = (0.1247 mol)/(0.0178 mol) = 7.0.

b) What is the full chemical name for the hydrate?

The name of the salt (NiSO₄.7H₂O) is Nickel sulfate hepta hydrate.

c) What is the molar mass of the hydrate?

(NiSO₄.7H₂O)

The molar mass = molar mass of NiSO₄ + 7(molar mass of H₂O) = (154.75 g/mol) + 7(18.0 g/mol) = 280.83 g/mol.

d) What is the mass % of water in the hydrate?

The mass % of water = (mass of water)/(mass of hydrated sample) x 100 = (2.245 g)/(5.0 g) x 100 = 44.9%.