How many molecules of ethanol (c2h5oh) (the alcohol in alcoholic beverages) are present in 140 ml of ethanol? the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/cm3?

Taking into account the definition of density and Avogadro's number,  1.44×10²⁴ molecules of ethanol are present in 140 ml of ethanol.

Density is defined as the property that matter, whether solid, liquid or gas, has to compress into a given space.

In other words, density is a quantity that allows us to measure the amount of mass in a certain volume of a substance. Then, the expression for the calculation of density is the quotient between the mass of a body and the volume it occupies:

Avogadro's Number

Avogadro's Number or Avogadro's Constant is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.

In this case, you know that:

Replacing in the definition of density:

Solving:

mass= 0.789 ×140 cm³

mass= 110.46 g

The molar mass of ethanol, that is, the amount of mass present in one mole of the compound, is 46 . Then the number of moles that 110.46 g of ethanol contain is calculated by:

110.46 g×= 2.40 moles

Finally, you can apply the following rule of three: If by definition of Avogadro's number 1 mole of ethanol contains 6.023×10²³ molecules, 2.40 moles contains how many molecules?

amount of molecules= (2.40 moles× 6.023×10²³ molecules)÷ 1 mole

amount of molecules= 1.44×10²⁴ moles

In summary, 1.44×10²⁴ molecules of ethanol are present in 140 ml of ethanol.

Learn more about

density:

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Avogadro's Number:

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- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms

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