Briefly explain the following terms and concepts:

a. Maximum Transfer Size (MTU)

b. Longest Prefix Matching

c. CIDR and Subnet Mask

d. Switching Fabric

e. Difference between forwarding and routing

Answer below

Explanation:

Maximum transmission unit (MTU)

A maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the largest packet or frame size that is usually specified in Eight-bit bytes, which can be sent in a packet or frame-based network such as the internet.  

Longest Prefix Match

Longest prefix match is an algorithm used by routers in Internet Protocol to lookup the IP prefix that will likely be the terminal point of the next hop from the router.

CIDR and Subnet Mask

CIDR, known in full as Classless inter-domain routing, is a set of IP standards that is used to make customized identifiers for networks and individual devices.  

A subnet mask separates the internet protocol (IP) address into the network address and host address.

Switching Fabric

Switching fabric is simply an arrangement of the elements of a communication network also known as network topology, whereby the nodes of the network are seen to interconnect with one or more network switches.

Answer is briefly explained.

Explanation:

MTU:

Each system has a MTU that directs the greatest size an individual system parcel can be for transmission. On the off chance that the parcel is bigger than the MTU it will be divided and sent as different bundles or dropped if the don't section banner is set. The MTU is determined to each system section and can be distinctive on each system between the PCoIP host and customer. Regularly on Ethernet the MTU is 1500 yet on an ADSL association it possibly 1492.

Longest Prefic Match:

Longest prefix match (additionally called Maximum prefix length match) alludes to an algorithm utilized by routers in Internet Protocol (IP) systems administration to choose a section from a sending table.

Since every passage in a sending table may determine a sub-organize, one goal address may match more than one sending table section. The most explicit of the matching table sections — the one with the longest subnet cover — is known as the longest prefix match. It is called this since it is likewise the passage where the biggest number of driving location bits of the goal address match those in the table section.

CIDR and Subnet Mask:

The CIDR number originates from the quantity of ones in the subnet mask when changed over to binary.

The regular subnet mask 255.255.255.0 is 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 in paired. This means 24 ones, or/24 (articulated 'slice twenty four').

A subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 is 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 in paired, or 26 ones, henceforth/26.

Switching Fabric:

Switched Fabric or switching fabric is a system topology where organize hubs interconnect by means of at least one system switches (especially crossbar switches). Since an exchanged fabric organize spreads arrange traffic over different physical connections, it yields higher complete throughput than communicate systems, for example, the mid 10BASE5 variant of Ethernet, or most remote systems, for example, Wi-Fi.

Difference between forwarding and routing:

a. Forwarding doesn't transmit information on active connections, however routing does.

b. Forwarding finds reasonable way for a parcel than routing.

c. Forwarding is a piece of dynamic while routing isn't.

d. Forwarding is utilized in communication