Although this technology-based practice can be in some contexts, experts conclude that if students use it before using a search engine, it can significantly degrade the effectiveness of the search.

Machine translation is the technology-based practice can be helpful in some contexts. It is a software used to translate text or speech from one language to another. Although, experts conclude that if students use it before using a search engine, it can significantly degrade the effectiveness of the search. Some of the disadvantages of the machine translation are that it has low and inconsistent accuracy, it is unable to translate according the context and is non-formal.