What makes this excerpt from oliver twist by charles dickens an example of direct characterization?

the elderly female was a woman of wisdom and experience; she knew what was good for children; and she had a very accurate perception of what was good for herself. so, she appropriated the greater part of the weekly stipend to her own use, and consigned the rising parochial generation to even a shorter allowance than was originally provided for them. thereby finding in the lowest depth a deeper still; and proving herself a very great experimental philosopher.

a. the author openly states a character’s traits.
b. the author talks about a character’s appearance.
c. the author describes a character’s dialogue.
d. the author shows a character’s actions to hint at her traits.

Which excerpt from tinker v. des moines shows how precedent support an argument? a. "as we shall discuss, the wearing of armbands in the circumstances of this case was entirely divorced from actually or potentially disruptive conduct by those participating in it. it was closely akin to 'pure speech' which, we have repeatedly held, is entitled to comprehensive protection under the first amendment. cf. cox v. louisiana, 379 u.s. 536, 555 (1965); adderley v. florida, 385 u.s. 39 (1966)." b. "while the absence of obscene remarks or boisterous and loud disorder perhaps justifies the court's statement that the few armband students did not actually 'disrupt' the classwork, i think the record overwhelmingly shows that the armbands did exactly what the elected school officials and principals foresaw they would." c. "i, for one, am not fully persuaded that school pupils are wise enough, even with this court's expert from washington, to run the 23,390 public school systems [n4] in our 50 states." d. "under our constitution, free speech is not a right that is given only to be so circumscribed that it exists in principle, but not in fact. freedom of expression would not truly exist if the right could be exercised only in an area that a benevolent government has provided as a safe haven for crackpots."

Which statement would you identify as being correct? a. it is important to learn the etymology of every word in a text. b. it is important to understand the etymology of every word in a text. c. it is important to study the etymology of every word in a text. d. it is important to study the etymology of some words in a text.

Which sentence about subject-verb agreement is not true? a. singular subjects go with singular verbs. b. plural subjects go with plural verbs. c. when the subject and the verb go together, they agree. d. plural verbs go with singular subjects.