What events shaped the rise of muslim arab empires and the eventual transfer of power to the seljuk turks

The great compromise during the writing of the constitution involved

What triggered the surge of conservative governments in central europe at the end of world war i? a. the disintegration of european families in the wake of urbanization. b. a worldwide revolutionary upsurge. c. the revival of the austrian-hungarian and ottoman empires. d. the british suppression of the indian nationalist movement. e. the killing of the tsar during the russian revolution?

Need ! how did sumner define liberty in the book of "voices of freedom"