The columbian exchange is the name given to the widespread exchange of plants, animals, and communicable diseases between the eastern and western hemispheres that occurred after 1492. it has been called one of the most significant events in the history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture. what were some of the benefits to the europeans? what were some of the benefits to the american indians? what do you think was the most important change that took place as a result of the columbian exchange? why do you think so?