Which of the following did not the cause of civil rights for african americans after reconstruction ended?
a. freedmen's bureau
b. 14th amendment
c. jim crow laws
d. tuskegee institute

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explanation:

in november 1781, john hanson became the first president of the united states in congress assembled, under the articles of confederation. many people have argued that john hanson, and not george washington, was the first president of the united states, but this is not quite true.

explanation: