Can someone explain this for me i’m
not sure of the steps. see photo above

Question 1:

We have the following expression:

By definition of power properties we have to:

Then, rewriting the expression:

Question 2:

For this case we have the following expression:

By definition of power properties of the same base we have:

Then, we can rewrite the denominator of the expression as:

Simplifying terms of the numerator and denominator: