Let F be a planar vector field and again consider an annular region A as in the previous problem. Suppose that F has no equilibria and that F points inward along the boundary of the annulus, as before. (a) Prove there is a closed orbit in A. (Notice that the hypothesis is weaker than in the previous problem.)(b) If there are exactly seven closed orbits in A, show that one of them has orbits spiraling toward it from both sides.

Each of the following data sets has a mean of x = 10. (i) 8 9 10 11 12 (ii) 7 9 10 11 13 (iii) 7 8 10 12 13 (a) without doing any computations, order the data sets according to increasing value of standard deviations. (i), (iii), (ii) (ii), (i), (iii) (iii), (i), (ii) (iii), (ii), (i) (i), (ii), (iii) (ii), (iii), (i) (b) why do you expect the difference in standard deviations between data sets (i) and (ii) to be greater than the difference in standard deviations between data sets (ii) and (iii)? hint: consider how much the data in the respective sets differ from the mean. the data change between data sets (i) and (ii) increased the squared difference îł(x - x)2 by more than data sets (ii) and (iii). the data change between data sets (ii) and (iii) increased the squared difference îł(x - x)2 by more than data sets (i) and (ii). the data change between data sets (i) and (ii) decreased the squared difference îł(x - x)2 by more than data sets (ii) and (iii). none of the above