Name the 4Ps of marketing.

Product – Attributes of an organization or offering within this segment include delivery system design, technology, quality, services provided and their availability.

Price – This silo of the marketing mix includes costs to users/supporters, payment periods, arrangements and terms. Note: Some have also argued “costs” are more than dollars … a full cost analysis should include emotional (for those seeking greater purpose, advancements, victory), sacrificial (for people giving time, energy, focus) and relational (what does one’s association with an organization do for their relationships … will people think more or less of them).

Place – An often-overlooked part of the marketing mix, this “P” covers strategy and executional elements surrounding service distribution channels, coverage, locations, logistics and e-services.

Promotion – Likely the most known aspect of the marketing mix, this piece considers strategies and tactics related to advertising, logo/identity and promotions. But it also covers development/fundraising, communications, events and public relations as they are all tools to be considered and deployed as part of the greater marketing and branding strategy.

table 3 represents a direct variation function. : )