9. Describe the structure of an antibody and explain how the antibodies attack destroy the
pathogen.

An antibody is a Y -shaped structure which consists of four polypeptides — two heavy chains and two light chains. White blood cells called a lymphocytes recognise the antigen as being foreign and produces antibodies that are specific to that antigen. Each antibody has a unique binding site shape which locks onto the specific shape of the antigen. The antibodies destroy the antigen (pathogen) and then engulf and digest it with macrophages.

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