A system executes a power cycle while receiving 1050 kJ by heat transfer at a temperature of 525 K and discharging 700 kJ by heat transfer at 350 K. There are no other heat transfers. a. Using Eq. 5.13, determine whether the cycle is internally re- versible, irreversible, or impossible. b. Determine the thermal efficiency using Eq. 5.4 and the given heat transfer data. Compare this value with the Carnot efficiency calculated using Eq. 5.9 and comment.

speed of light in vacuum is 300,000 km/s

speed of light in other mediums is given by the expression v = c/n, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and n is the refractive index of medium.

for the first medium v = 200,000 km/s

  so, refractive index of medium = 300000/200000 = 1.5

    1.5 refractive index is usually for glass. so first medium is glass.

for the second medium v = 250,00 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/250000 = 1.2

    1.2 refractive index is usually for water. so second medium is water.

for the third medium v = 0 km/s

so, refractive index of medium = 300000/0 = ∞

    ∞ refractive index is usually for opaque mediums. so third medium is opaque medium.