Why are initiative, referendum, and recall important tools for citizens?

Which best describes california population when it became a state in 1850? a.because of the gold rush attracting settlers all over the world california population diverse.bcalifornia had banned foreign immigrants at the start of the gold rush.so,the states population was made up of entirely of americans from other parts of the country.c california had a large african population because many southern planters had moved their enslaved africans to start large farms.d the indian removal act had led to the relocation of thousands of eastern native americans to california.as,a result the majority of californias population was native american

Chris, a master at office gossip and innuendo, says, "we know we have a corporate spy someplace in the organization, probably on the management team itself. there is no evidence that it is audrey. in fact, she's too clean, if you know what i mean. somebody should fire audrey; she's got to be the spy." by making this argument chris is actually engaging in (a) an appeal to emotion fallacy (b) a straw man fallacy (c) an appeal to ignorance fallacy (d) circular reasoning (e) an appeal to the mob fallacy

Which powers best complete this graphic?