Arecent news story reported that when a newly engaged woman gave some change to a homeless man, her ring fell into his coin jar. after he proceeded to return it. he received a large sum of money in donations from people touched by the story. this is an example of

Just-world hypothesis

Explanation:

Just-world hypothesis is an assumption that belie that everything that happen in people's live is a direct consequences of their own action (If that people is doing good, those people will somehow be rewarded. If that people is doing bad, those people will somehow punished). This assumption is what probably influence the people to donate to the homeless man.

the old way of life was represented by superstition, an angry god, and absolute submission to authority. the thinkers of the age of reason ushered in a new way of thinking. this new way championed the accomplishments of humankind. individuals did not have to accept despair. science and reason could bring happiness and progress. kings did not rule by divine right. they had an obligation to their subjects. europeans pondered the implications for nearly a century. americans put them into practice first.