Which law /legislation protects the individual against human rights violation

There are multiple such laws, and each country has one, if not many. These laws can address general issues (the right to live) or very detailed issues that deal with specifics.

I will name only one example: Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the UN, which was signed by many countries.

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada