When pre-schoolers were forbidden to play with a very attractive toy, some received mild threats of punishment and others received severe threats of punishment should they disobey (aronson & carlsmith, 1963). because they had justification, children in the mild-threat condition experienced dissonance and changed their rating of the forbidden toy. a) ample external; more b) insufficient external; less c) ample external; less d) insufficient external; more

Insufficient external justification; more dissonance

Explanation:

insufficient justification effect:

Describes that in some cases people will go against their own person belief in order to partake in a particular action of behaviour because there is a promise of a small reward versus large reward but reject an activity if it associated with a mild threat versus a sever threat.

Insufficient external justification occurs when a person doesn't have enough justification why they couldn't do something they desired to do.

Cognitive dissonance defines the conflict that exist within someone as they struggle with whether to get involved with the behaviour that goes against their beliefs or attitudes and they may mentally try to adjust their attitudes, behaviour or beliefs in order to establish balance.