Wearing a wedding ring, owning a rolls-royce, or a homeless person carrying a bulging shopping bag are all examples of:

The answer is status symbols.

Explanation:

Status symbols are visible demonstrators of a person's socioeconomical status. Most of the times, the symbols are material goods.

Status symbols have changed over time. While at present expensive cars or watches may be taken as status symbols, in the past owning a large amount of books (before the printing press was invented) or wearing the colour blue (as blue pigments were expensive) were considered common status symbols.

it would be d). more resources must be obtained to attain that combination of goods and services