Francine, a college freshman, has agreed to participate in a psychology research study. before she begins her participation, she reads a statement written by the researcher explaining the purpose of the research and the potential risks of participation. it also explains that francine is free to withdraw from the research at any time. in providing francine with this statement, the researcher has followed the ethical guidelines of for participants.

Informed consent

Explanation:

When a study involves experimenting on individuals it is necessary for the researcher to explain the potential risks that are involved and the freedom to choose whether to continue or leave the experiments at any point in time.

This process of making the participants know of the details mentioned above and permission to begin experimentation is called informed consent.

Hence, the statement here is referring to informed consent.

answer; overt behavior;

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.