occurs when our brain process analyzes new situations based on past experiences that seem somehow similar to the new situations.

The answer is Pattern recognition.

Explanation:

Pattern recognition refers to the process through which there is an automatic recognition of patterns as well as regularities concerning data. Pattern recognition has a close relationship with aspects related to artificial intelligence and machine learning, which use applications like data mining as well as knowledge discovery in databases.

However, a distinction can be made between machine learning and pattern recognition. Machine learning is related to an approach regarding pattern recognition and this one is an approach regarding artificial intelligence.    

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