Afunction is
a. the consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system.
b. the negative consequence an element has for the stability of the social system.
c. the intended and recognized consequence of some element of society.
d. an explanation of the relationships among particular phenomena

The correct answer is A. The consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system.

Explanation:

In sociology, a function refers to the role or consequences a factor, action, social institution, etc that has on the general society or social system to preserve it or guarantee it continues. In this way, the functions in society are necessary for the existence of society itself. Examples of this are institutions such as schools, family or religion that have an effect on society by preserving certain norms, values, behaviors, and practices that support the stability or maintenance of society. According to the previous ideas the option that defines "function" is "the consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system".