"The general legal doctrine that holds one person responsible for the torts committed by another because of the relationship they have to each other is "

Vicarious liability

Explanation:

Liability depends not on an individual's own misconduct but on that person's relationship with the wrongdoer. As per the common law of the United States, a participant of a conspiracy could be considered vicariously liable for the crimes that were committed by his co-conspirators in a case where the acts of the co-conspirators were intentional and performed in order to further the conspiracy's intent.

answer; (d) none of the above;

answer; analytical,creative and practical;