Restraining orders are:
a) used when judges order potentially violent defendants to be shackled in the courtroom.
b) often called gag orders.
c) presumptively constitutional and at the absolute discretion of the presiding judge.
d) presumptively unconstitutional prior restraints on speech.

Which factor contributed to the rise of african empires such as ghana and mali ? a. their creation and involvement in trade networks b. they focused only on agricultural production. c. they didn’t engage in warfare with other nations d. their geographic location protected them from attacks.