Programs like the coast guard and the fbi fall under which type of spending?

It would be government spending. Those are government programs and the government funds them.

There are three types of government spending: fiscal, discretionary, and automatic. The Coast Guard and the FBI both fall under the Department of Homeland Security. 

The Department of Homeland Security is not a tax, nor does it have a fixed budget that can't change, so the most reasonable type of spending would be discretionary.

Hope this helped! :)

Idk for this one pal