Your roommate did not do well on an exam, and then insisted the instructor wrote an unfair test, rather than admitting they did not study enough. Freud would say that your roommate is showing:

Intelligence tests are often used to predict a person's future ability to perform in a school setting. alfred binet's initial purpose for developing intelligence testing was to aid students in getting the remedial they may have needed in elementary school. which of the following measures is the best criterion for evaluating the predictive validity of intelligence testing? act school attendance school grades sat job placement