Bentham thought the approach known as retributivism or "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" was not a good approach because it made a point of inflicting suffering without offering any compensating gain in understanding on the part of the criminal
b. reason and logic
c. happiness

it should be c, women were allowed to vote in all states because federal law supersedes state law.

"states can make their own laws, as long as they don't contradict what the federal law states. the states do not have the authority to pass a law that negates a federal law." -google

answer; strength of association;