"is the belief that one's own culture is the best standard by which all others should be evaluated."

The answer is ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is the best standard by which all others should be evaluated.  

EXPLANATION

Ethnocentrism refers to the act of judgment in another culture. They compare and judge other cultures based on the standards and values of their own culture. The aspects that are usually judged are customs, religion, language, and behavior. These aspects actually differ from one culture from the others, because they depict the culture’s uniqueness and identity.

The term ethnocentrism was first developed by William G. Sumner, who was an American sociologist. The term ethnocentrism was applied in the field of social sciences. Summer explains ethnocentrism as “the technical name for the view of things in which one's own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it.”  

He wrote his definition of ethnocentrism in his book that was published in 1906, titled Folkways. He also explained that ethnocentrism was often leading to contempt for outsiders, vanity, pride, belief in the superiority of one group, etc.

Over the years, the term ethnocentrism was developed. A social theorist named Theodore W. Adorno made the term ethnocentrism broader. He stated that ethnocentrism is combining a negative attitude from another culture with one’s own positive attitude in culture. These processes are also known as social counter-identification or social identification.

LEARN MORE

If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend you to also take a look at the following questions:

How does global stratification impact local culture?  

Ethnographic research:  

KEYWORD: ethnocentrism, culture, standard, values, Theodore W. Adorno, William G. Summer  

Subject: Social Studies

Class: 10-12

Subchapter: Ethnocentrism

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