Family, friends, and work groups make up a consumer's and become role models for style, opinions, and other behaviors.

reference groups

Explanation:

In sociology and the social sciences in general, the term Reference Group (sometimes also called the Model Group) refers to a group with which an individual identifies and seeks the norms and values and from which he wishes to adopt the Lifestyle. In this way, values, attitudes and behaviors will be conditioned by your reference group. These groups have a lot of influence on a consumer and can be made up of family, friends and work groups.

These groups may have a narrow scope (peer group or particular subgroup) or a broader scope (social group, community). In either case, the reference group usually coincides with the group to which the individual belongs but may also happen to be a different group from the latter.

the question deals with financial planning and the answer is that dan did not stay on budget due to the fact that this guy needs to start decreasing his discretionary spending. according to the financial plan, he needed to balance his expenses and resources.