What was Nationalism in the 1800s?

Which was not offically a state at the beginning of the civil war

"“forty or fifty years ago, many people thought that simply transferring technologies from industrialized to developing countries would close the technology gap. now we know that technologies developed in industrialized countries may not be suitable for use in other environments. they may require a particular type of infrastructure to operate. they may need specialized parts or knowledge to mend when they break we now understand that innovative capacity must be built in different ways." - united nations secretary-general ban ki-moon based on the secretary general's comments, which of these would be most important for a country to improve? a) native literature b) transportation grid c) cultural traditions d) construction styles

Dr. robbins wants to know if there are different opinions regarding the value of public school education between native americans who have at least one relative who attended indian boarding school and native americans who have no family experience with indian boarding school. dr. robbins contacts 35 native american participants in each group. he wants each group to include younger as well as older adults, and a mix of male and female participants. he asks each person to complete a survey about their attitudes toward public education. the design of this study is: