Pavlov taught a dog to salivate at the sound of a musical tone by repeatedly pairing the tone with food. in this example, the musical tone is the before conditioning and the after conditioning.

The answer is neutral stimulus; conditioned stimulus. A neutral stimulus is a spur which originally makes no exact answer except concentrating responsiveness. In classical conditioning, when put together with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus turn out to be a conditioned stimulus.

the correct answer on edgen is:

(c.) prevent the spread of communism.

i just took the test.

earlier philosophers whose work influenced the enlightenment included bacon, descartes, locke, and spinoza. the major figures of the enlightenment included beccaria, diderot, hume, kant, montesquieu, rousseau, adam smith, and voltaire. it spread the ideas of the enlightenment across europe and beyond.