ab Hath mat Apne Malu Jalna Agar Aise jalva Apne Hi Dekhe bus kar do Dhara ko aur wala Manav Bano Manav Jara anuvad​

The answer is a. society, sociology is the  systematic study of social interaction. it's a social science.

In paragraph 47, it says “moments like these make a pioneering flight anything but dull” i’d say he’s optimistic and determined? ? and in 48, it describes how i’m assuming people he looks up to walked the same path so maybe he’s honored to be on the journey ? sorry if i’m wrong.

Jonathan swift is using a satirical approach to make awareness to the fact that there are too many beggars (which include women and young children) on the streets. his solution? eat the children. yes this sounds like the craziest thing in the world but it's a solution. the children could be sold to landlords to pay rent and the family could have stuffed bellies. he lists the advantages, disadvantages, and the rebuttal to the disadvantages to support his claim. he also suggest what age should be the highest price and how to cook them. in the end, he excludes himself from his solution. all i all, swift uses a satirical approach to get people aware of the beggars that flood their streets.if you need more for "a modest proposal", i am here.