Which phenomenon is most likely to result in secondary succession?

a volcanic eruption covers a mountainside in lava and ash.
a parasite kills a bush in a grassland ecosystem.
hunters kill large numbers of deer to thin a rapidly growing population.
lions follow migrating antelope to a new section of savannah.
loggers clear-cut a forest and leave when no more trees remain.

"Loggers clear-cut a forest and leave when no more trees remain" and it results in secondary succession.

Option(e)

Explanation:

Secondary Succession is an ecological disturbance that affects the habitat of humans and animals. It includes the disturbances involved during floods, fires, earthquakes, and landslides.

This succession doesn’t affect the life of the living organisms, but it affects the features of their livelihood. The above answer clearly explains the disturbance caused by loggers in the forest.

The loggers remove all trees and leave when no tree remains in the forest. Thus it comes into the activity of secondary succession.