If the interest rate on loans before adjusting for inflation is 9%, and the expected inflation rate is 4%, then which of the following must be true?

A. Lenders are expected to receive an additional 4% on their loaned funds.

B. Borrowers are expected to pay an additional 4% on their borrowed funds.

C. The expected real interest rate is 9%.

D. The expected real interest rate is 13%.

E. The nominal interest rate is 9%.

In a speech before the american society of newspaper editors (april 16, 1953), president eisenhower stated: "every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and not clothed. this world in arms is not spending money alone. it is spending the sweat of its laborers, the genius of its scientists, the hopes of its children. this is not a way of life at all in any true sense. under the cloud of threatening war, it is humanity hanging from a cross of iron." do you agree or disagree?