What is 1 and 2 please

Which statement describes absolute and apparent brightness? absolute brightness and apparent brightness are identical ways to describe the brightness of a star. absolute brightness and apparent brightness change with the distance from the star to the observer. absolute brightness depends on the distance from the star to the observer, whereas apparent brightness is always the same. absolute brightness is the actual amount of light produced by the star, whereas apparent brightness changes with distance from the observer.

Which of these is a lower subgroup a. kingdom b. order c.genus d. species

Will give ! need latin ! translate the following sentences ! bellum ab romanis in (against) graecos gestum est puellae ab nautus graecos pugnare gladiis doctae sunt dona magna ab pueris pulchris puellis parvis data erunt maga regni ab regina mala amatur ( dont use translators)