Refer to the passage. “The short reign of Ghiyāuddīn Tughlaq, the first Sultan of the new dynasty, brought with it peace and order and served as a good prelude to an epoch remarkable for its educational improvements. Sultan Ghiyāuddīn was fond of men of genius and learning, whom he used to invite to his Court. He constructed many public buildings and gave stipends to learned men, shaikhs and sayyids. He framed a code of laws founded upon the Qur’an and the ancient usages of the Delhi monarchy for guidance in the civil government of the country.”

Excerpt from Promotion of Learning in India during Muhammadan Rule, concerning the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty, 1320–1413

In which of the following ways were the political policies of the Inca Empire similar to the sultan’s policies in India, as described in the passage?

The Inca had a public education system under the oversight of a government authority.
The Inca used a system of taxes to amass financial resources and enforce policies.
The Inca used gifts of land to ensure cooperation from officials to enforce policies.
The Inca had a centralized government that built and maintained roads, bridges, and other public works.