Refer to the passage. "The subjects of Her Britannic Majesty, or their agents, shall be permitted to purchase, at all places in the Ottoman Dominions, (whether for the purposes of internal trade or exportation) all articles, without any exception whatsoever, the produce, growth, or manufacture of the said Dominions; and the Sublime Porte formally engages to abolish all monopolies of agricultural produce, or of any other articles whatsoever, as well as all Permits from the local Governors, either for the purchase of any article, or for its removal from one place to another when purchased; and any attempt to compel the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty to receive such Permits from the local Governors, shall be considered as an infraction of Treaties, and the Sublime Porte shall immediately punish with severity any Vizirs and other Officers who shall have been guilty of such misconduct, and render full justice to British subjects for all injuries or losses which they may duly prove themselves to have suffered."

Excerpt of the Treaty of Balta Liman, a commercial treaty signed between the Ottoman and British Empires in 1838

In which of the following ways did the provisions in the passage affect Ottoman society?

A two-tiered justice system was created.
Regressive taxes were implemented.
Reforms that angered the military establishment were enacted.
The government took action against the interests of elites.