Refer to the passage. "4. The dictatorship of the proletariat must be the lever for the immediate expropriation of capital and for the abolition of private property in the means of production and their transformation into national property. The nationalization of large-scale industry (nationalization being understood as the abolition of private ownership and transference to the ownership of the proletarian State, to come under the socialist management of the working class) and of its organizing centres, the banks; confiscation of the estates of the large landowners and nationalization of capitalist agricultural production; monopoly of wholesale trade, nationalization of large houses in towns and on large estates; introduction of workers’ management and centralization of economic functions in the hands of agencies of the proletarian dictatorship—these are the essential problems of the day.

5. In order to safeguard the socialist revolution, to defend it against internal and external enemies, to give aid to other national sections of the fighting proletariat, etc., it is essential to disarm the bourgeoisie and their agents completely, and to arm the proletariat.

6. The world situation today demands the closest possible contact between the different sections of the revolutionary proletariat and a complete union of the countries where the socialist revolution has already triumphed.”

Excerpt from "Invitation to the First Congress of the Communist International” explaining the aims and tactics of the newly formed Communist International, 1919

The ideals expressed in this passage contributed to the development of which of the following 20th-century events?

The collapse of financial markets, resulting in the Great Depression
The creation of the United Nations as a way to solve international conflicts
The organization of the Warsaw Pact to unite communist countries against their enemies
Independence for European colonies located throughout Africa and Asia