To what extent did the cultural changes of the early modern world derive from cross-cultural interaction? to what extent did they grow from within particular societies or civilizations?

Colonization made rapid changes in economies. There is a wide market for product demands in different countries exposed people to different cultures. Europeans frequently travel to manage production and expand their trade. It created a way of learning of other cultures along the journey. Some even adopted the clothing and appearance of their conquerors to be accepted as those with the higher position in society.  

After the national revolts to overthrow the colonizers, they did surrender and made a mark on their colonies' culture. It can be seen through the people's manner, language, religion, building structure, and tradition. Until now, some regions of the colonized countries had preserved these elements. It is not as popular as before, but still, it is relevant to the succeeding generations' lives.   

Im pretty sure it would be climax