What is speciation? the complete loss of a species that has died out the evolutionary process through which new species emerge a short-term environmental change a long-term environmental change?

The correct answer will be option-evolutionary process through which new species emerge

Explanation:

Biological Speciation is the process of formation of new species from ancestral species through any of the known or unknown factors.  

The ancestral species become adapted in accordance with the habitat environment in the response of which new species evolve which are reproductively isolated from the parent species.

Since new species are evolved from the ancestral species in accordance with the environment thus, it's an evolutionary process and hence selected option is the correct answer.

it would affect precipitation by causing flooding in some areas of the world due to climate increasing, causing the glaciers in the northern and southern pole of our planet to melt.

i wish you would have provided choices to simplify it and allow me to give an exact answer.