"animals are not subject to procedures that involve pain or distress or would be required to use pain-relieving drugs. routin procedures such as injections and blood sampling from veins that produce only mild, transient pain or discomfort are reported in this category."

List five ways we are indebted to phytoplankton

Using meiosis, the sporophyte produces spores that are .

1. an enzyme is considered a(n) because it speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.2. in a catalyzed reaction, a reactant is often called a(n) . an enzyme is specific because the shape of its matches only particular reactants.4. an enzyme speeds up reactions by lowering the . the between an active site and its substrate often strains bonds and the reaction proceed.6. a( , which is often a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis.7. high temperatures or changes in ph can an enzyme, causing it to lose its shape and biological activity.