Tissue cultures (samples of cancer cells) are taken from cancer patients, and the cells are then grown in a laboratory. what is the purpose of growing cancer cells in a laboratory?

c is the correct answer!

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).