Which is an internal environmental factor that effects heredity light temperature nutrition hormones

If bacteria are much too small to see, what is one reason why can we see colonies in the petri dishes that have plenty of food to eat after only a few days?

It is believed that europa, one of jupiter’s moons has an ocean beneath its surface. based on how earth’s oceans and atmosphere are believed to have formed, what can be said about europa’s supposed ocean? the arrival of in the early days of europa’s existence could have formed its ocean. it is likely that the water experienced , similar to earth. it is also possible that this water is retained beneath europa’s surface and in its atmosphere due to europa’s .

How can antibodies "remember" a particular bacterial invader or "antigen" on that invader?