The generation of an action potential in a neuron requires the presence which type of membrane channels

The right answer is: voltage-gated channels

Ionic channels are membrane proteins that allow the selective passage of the cell membrane by ions (Na +, Ca2 +, K +, Cl-, ...) following the electrochemical gradients. They play a vital role in cellular excitability, triggering and propagation of action potential. They intervene in the coupling excitation-contraction and excitation-secretion. Ion channel selectivity is based on the adequacy of ion size and charges with the structure and amino acid sequence of the channels.

Among these channels, there are voltage-gated channels.

These are ion channels whose opening is activated by the membrane potential.

These dependent volumetric channels are characterized:

- by the selectivity of the ions (Ca2 +, Na +, K +, Cl-, ...)

- by their conductance

- by their activation domain (significant depolarization to low)

- by their kinetics of inactivation (slow, fast or transient)

ecological efficiency: % of usable energy transferred as

biomass from one trophic level to the next typical is 10% efficient (90% of

energy is lost),is diagramed as the pyramid of energy flow. then osprey eagle

are tertiary consumer and the shrimp are primary consumer, so to balance

mass of shrimp (1/0.1) / 0.1 = 100 kg